In this current project, I am loading up a web page in a DHTML dialog using a custom subclass of YUI's Dialog object. The sub-page I'm loading includes the document.observe('dom:loaded') bootstrapping code. Since this all happens on-page via AJAX, the dom:loaded event never gets called for the sub-page, so the sub-page never gets its Javascript bootstrapped!
YUI's YAHOO.util.Event.onContentReady is just like dom:loaded, but much more flexible. It can be called at any time (before or after the DOM is Ready) and will either fire immediately, or later on, once your requested content is detected. It does this by periodically scanning the DOM for your element for some # of seconds after being called.
In this case, it's a simple swap-out from document.observe('dom:loaded') to YAHOO.util.Event.onContentReady() and the problem is solved!
If you are doing absurd on-page AJAX and loading up other HTML+JS content in your app this technique could be a real life-saver.